Analysis of the influence of direction on the function of WPT antenna

Wireless Energy Transfer (WPT) refers to the transfer of energy between a transmitting and receiving unit. This technology is primarily used to wirelessly charge electronic devices, such as cell phones and electric cars. Although wireless energy transmission can bring many advantages, it still faces some problems that need to be solved urgently. At this time, you can rely on the power of simulation. For example, in some WPT technologies, devices must be placed in a specific orientation to be effectively charged. Now we will analyze the impact of the direction on the functionality of the two WPT antennas.

Introduction to wireless energy transfer technology

Electronic devices are a very important part of our daily lives. Imagine you can charge these devices without wires or cables. The development of Wireless Energy Transfer Technology (WPT) makes this possible, providing a simple charging method for electrical devices and supporting simultaneous charging of multiple devices. As technology continues to evolve, we have implemented wireless charging in a growing number of areas, from mobile phones to electric vehicles.

Figure 1. Wireless charging point for a coffee shop. Image courtesy of Veredai of Powermat Technologies - the picture is taken by yourself and shared by Wikimedia Commons.

As mentioned earlier, WPT technology transfers power without the need for solid wires or conductors, making energy ubiquitous. In general, we can transfer energy between two separate objects by means of an electromagnetic field. In this system, the energy transfer device (PTU) connected to the power source generates a magnetic field that the energy receiving device (PRU) captures and converts it into usable energy.

Figure 2. A simple example of wireless energy transfer. The left side is the PTU and the right side is the PRU.

For some WPT systems, an important point to consider is that the direction between the PTU and the PRU can greatly affect the coupling of energy. Therefore, if you want to charge your device, you need to carefully align it with the PTU. But how much skew between the PTU and the PRU affects the coupling of energy?

Here, we will use simulation to analyze how the change in orientation will affect the wireless energy transfer antenna.

Analysis of wireless energy transmission antennas

In today's wireless energy transfer tutorial, we will analyze the energy coupling between two toroidal antennas. The example antenna consists of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) wide plate and a thin layer of copper on it, and simulates a thin layer of copper equivalent to a perfect electrical conductor (PEC). Each device contains a lumped inductor and a lumped port that can be energized or terminated.

The antenna has an UHF RFID tag that operates at 915 MHz and the shape itself supports inductive coupling.

Figure 3. Model geometry. Note that the air domain and the perfect matching layer (PML) are not included here.

In our simulation, the receiving antenna is rotating and the transmitting antenna is maintained in a fixed position. This setting is similar to the following scenario: The charger is fixed in position and adjusts the angle at which the phone is placed.

By changing the orientation, we will be able to find out the effect of positional changes on energy coupling. To visualize this effect, we simulated the distribution of the electric field mode and the energy flow between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna (at different angles of rotation).

Figure 4. Electric field mode and energy flow of the wireless energy transfer antenna (arrow diagram).

The results show that when the antenna is placed face to face, that is, when the rotation angle of the receiving antenna is 0°, the electric field is strongly coupled, indicating that wireless energy transmission can be successfully performed. However, when the rotation angle of the receiving antenna is 90°, we did not observe any deformation when the energy flow passed through the receiving antenna. At this angle of rotation, there is almost no coupling or effective coupling area. Therefore, we can conclude that the energy transfer between the two antennas is greatly reduced at this angle.

In the future, we can enhance the functionality of WPT antennas by developing systems that support multiple headings, and we will not need to pay attention to their specific placements when charging electronic devices in the future.

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TWS, means true wireless stereo. The implementation of this technology is based on the development of bluetooth chip technology. Technically speaking, it means that the mobile phone is connected to the main speaker, and then the main speaker is connected to the speaker through the Bluetooth wireless mode, thereby realizing the true separation of the left and right channels of the Bluetooth. When the slave speaker is not connected, the main speaker returns to the mono sound quality. TWS technology is used in the field of Bluetooth Headsets, so it has also spawned a new product - TWS Bluetooth headset.Since the TWS Bluetooth headset does not require a wired connection, the left and right earphones form a stereo system through Bluetooth, and the convenience of listening, talking, and wearing are improved.

Advantages:

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