High-side current detection circuit principle

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Overview:
The current-sense resistor of the low-side current-sense circuit of the high-side/low-side current-sense circuit is connected in series to ground (Fig. 1), while the current-sense resistor of the high-side current-sense circuit is connected in series to the high-voltage terminal (Fig. 2). Both methods have their own characteristics: the low-end current-sense method adds extra wire-wound resistors to the ground loop, and the high-end current-sense mode handles large common-mode signals.

The low-side current-sense op amp shown in Figure 1 uses the ground level as the reference level, and the current-sense resistor is connected to the positive-phase side. The common mode signal range in the op amp's input signal is: (GNDRSENSE*ILOAD).

Although the low-end current-sense circuit is relatively simple, there are several fault states that are not detected by the low-side current-sense circuit, which can put the load in a dangerous situation, and the high-speed current-sense circuit can solve these problems.

The high-end current-sense circuit is directly connected to the power supply terminal, which can detect any faults in the subsequent loops and take corresponding protective measures. It is especially suitable for automatic control applications, because the chassis is usually used as a reference ground in these application circuits.
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