Blacktech: Making Ultrathin LEDs from Single-Layer Semiconductors
In 2015, Professor Ali Javey of the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley, published a paper in the journal Science that revealed the use of monolayer semiconductors to make ultra-thin The possibility of LEDs. However, at that time, if the size of a single-layer semiconductor were to be increased, its thickness would increase at the same time, and the real application would be limited. Recently, the team stated that it has successfully created LEDs that can extend both length and width without affecting thickness, and only have three atoms thick. New research results have been published in Nature Communications (Nature Communications). LEDs When the voltage is applied to the LEDs, the electrons reach an excited state, and when they meet the hole at the contact point, they decay to the ground state and release energy in the form of light. This is how the LEDs operate.
Therefore, the most difficult problem in improving LED luminous efficiency is how to make free electrons and holes more efficient. Especially when the size of the semiconductor is only a single layer, there are not many materials that can be used, making it more difficult. Single-layer semiconductors and researchers made single-layer semiconductors using transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). This material has semiconductor properties similar to graphene and is considered to be an important next-generation photovoltaic material. Then, Gates and Sources are placed on the top and bottom of the semiconductor to make LEDs. When AC is connected between the gate and the source, free electrons and holes will appear in the middle of the single-layer semiconductor. Let it release energy in light.
â–² The configuration of this LED. (Photo: Ali Javey)
Future development Currently, there are still many places where this LED needs continuous improvement. In particular, its energy efficiency is only 1% at present, which is far less than the commercially available 25-30%. But as Dr.-Hsien Lien, a postdoctoral researcher on his research team said: "This material is quite thin and flexible, so it can be made transparent and applied to curved surfaces." At present, transparent displays have become new goals for the scientific and technological community. The results of this study will have a considerable impact. In addition, there have been studies on the mass production of high quality TMDCs through chemical vapor deposition, so it is expected to solve the physical limitations of current integrated circuits through its characteristics.
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