What exactly is cloud computing ? How will cloud computing change our lives? How far has cloud computing gone? How far can it go? Is the so-called "cloud" really omnipotent and worry-free? The wonderland? The reporter interviewed Zhao Gansen, a professor at South China Normal University and an expert member of the China Cloud Computing Committee, and Liu Yichun, a senior engineer at the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Commerce. They interpreted these issues one by one.
"Cloud" definition:
Information on demand generates "cloud" computing
What is cloud computing? Some people say that it is actually a model that separates from local computing and distributes computing tasks to a large-scale unified computing platform at the remote end; others say that cloud computing is a cluster of servers that exists on the Internet On the collection of hardware and software resources on the Internet, the local computer only needs to send a demand message through the Internet, and the remote "cloud" will return the results or services that the user needs to the local computer, and the user only needs to pay for the part of the resources he uses. .
"The so-called cloud computing, in simple terms, is that people use computers in different ways." Zhao Gansen then admitted that in fact, so far, cloud computing has no unified definition, and the industry does not want to give it a definition. "It was originally a breakthrough in traditional IT concepts."
"The emergence of cloud computing is actually related to people's needs and is a new model of IT applications." Zhao Gansen explained that in the first stage of the history of IT development, people hope that personal computers can be connected, so they have constructed Internet; in the second stage, people hope that computers can share with each other, so there is the World Wide Web (WEB); in the third stage, people find that they do n’t actually need the complicated information on the Internet, and ultimately only need results or services , "On demand, and at any time, this will lead to cloud computing."
In Liu Yichun's view, cloud computing is a business model. "Many computers are interconnected to provide users with transparent and on-demand services." He said that simply speaking, as long as it can provide information services according to customer needs, it is the cloud. "In the past, merchants mainly sold goods to customers, such as software, such as books, in the era of cloud computing. They input these software, books and other resources into the 'cloud', and then sell services to customers."
"Cloud" mode:
Individuals do not need to pay for electricity to build power plants
"Actually, we have been using cloud computing for a long time." Liu Yichun said that in the 1980s, we stored data and printed files through the network. Since the 1990s, we surfed the Internet. This is the principle of cloud computing. "It's just that there was no concept of cloud computing at that time."
"Another example is that people are using Baidu and Google the most, and they are using cloud computing," Liu Yichun said. "Of course, if you want to implement" Baidu, you will know ", it was impossible in the 1990s. Because there was no cloud computing as developed as it was now. "
Zhao Gansen also said that the most popular products such as iPhone and iPad are also cloud computing. People do not need to go to different places to search, download, install, pay and verify, but can directly through a machine can be very convenient Get many services you need, such as games and music.
"Soon, we no longer need to buy a computer, but only need a screen that can be viewed and operated, and everything can be handed over to cloud computing." Zhao Gansen said, just like people use electricity networks or running water, users are not If you need to build a power plant or water plant by yourself, you only need to install an electric meter or water meter at home. When you need it, turn on the power switch or faucet to use it. Finally, pay by meter.
Liu Yichun likens cloud computing to a shopping mall. Customers do n’t need to build their own shopping malls.
"Cloud" life:
Future home appliances have a website
"Cloud computing will rewrite our lives to a great extent." Zhao Gansen said that for ordinary people, the rental of virtual computers and storage space provided by cloud computing service providers will be of great significance.
Zhao Gansen believes that cloud computing has changed his life. "Actually, I have started to store part of my work materials in the" cloud ". I will also rent computers from the" cloud ". When my students need multiple computers, I will rent them from cloud computing service providers such as Amazon. 10 cents an hour. It will be returned when you run out. "
He also said that in the future, we no longer need to save all kinds of data including photos and videos on our own computers, and we do n’t have to worry about data loss due to computer damage. Even, we do n’t need a computer with a host computer anymore. .
"Like now most of us don't store cash at home, but all deposit money in the bank." Zhao Gansen made another analogy, the cloud computing business is like a bank, as long as we pay them a certain fee, they will Responsible for helping us back up, keep and provide the services we need, "Don't worry even if there is an earthquake and other disasters", we can extract it when we need it.
"Next, cloud computing services will be more extensive." Liu Yichun said that cloud computing will eventually be applied to the Internet of Things. "After the Internet of Things, it is no exaggeration to say that we can have whatever we want."
Liu Yichun portrays the life of the coming cloud age in this way: now the home appliances are already equipped with computer chips, and each of the next-generation home appliances will have its own network address, so that each home appliance can form a "family "Cloud", household appliances in a community can form a "community cloud". In this way, people sitting in the office can also remotely control every appliance in the home by accessing the "family cloud" or "community cloud", such as turning on and off the air conditioner, when the washing machine starts washing clothes, and so on.
"Cloud" development:
Guangzhou “cloud computing†can experience in September
Regarding the development of cloud computing, Zhao Gansen said that in terms of theoretical and technical research, China is basically in line with the world. But in terms of application, China is a bit slower than developed countries such as the United States. For example, in terms of virtual computer rental, the US Amazon has hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue each year. At present, Guangzhou Tianhe Software Park has begun to build its own cloud computing center. In addition, in terms of e-government and other aspects, Guangzhou has used cloud computing to create a "smart Guangzhou" and "smart Tianhe", which will have an effective experience in September this year. "It is estimated that within three years, we will widely use cloud computing." Liu Yichun believes that because the core technology, core products and standards of cloud computing are in the hands of developed countries, in general, China is still behind the United States, etc. Developed countries.
"Cloud" industry:
SMEs are more profitable
Experts believe that cloud computing not only changes the lives of individual people, but also affects the ecological environment of many industries.
"I think that except for some industries that are highly dependent on physical sites and equipment, such as some low-end manufacturing, other industries will be affected." Zhao Gansen said, including IT, healthcare, transportation, distance education, government Services, e-commerce, print publishing, entertainment (music, movies, games), etc., will all be the main industries hit.
For example, in the IT industry, they used to focus on hardware services such as equipment procurement, but now they must focus on services. "It's like the power industry. If it used to sell generators, it is now mainly selling electricity."
Another example is the telecommunications industry, which involves a large amount of data. Each customer has hundreds of calls per month, which requires one-to-one billing and involves huge calculations. With the development of cloud computing, telecom operators can analyze these massive amounts of data through more accurate data statistics and lock in the life circle and activity radius of each customer, so as to provide advertisers with a more accurate target group.
Liu Yichun believes that in terms of the industry, all content service providers will be affected by the development of cloud computing, and SMEs will benefit more from cloud computing.
"Large enterprises can build their own huge databases, but it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to do this because of cost." He said that small and medium-sized enterprises give their e-commerce, customer relationship and other data to cloud computing service providers, as long as they rent Information services will do.
"Cloud" security:
Bank safes ca n’t sit back and relax
So, is cloud computing really like a safe in a bank? Does it really allow every customer who stores data there to sit back and relax? Almost all experts answer: NO!
"With regard to" cloud "security, there is still no 100% effective solution." Zhao Gansen said that according to a US statistic, the most important thing for users is the security of "cloud". "For example, if I put the photos in the cloud, will the administrator show them to others? Will the data I store here be lost? Will my business secrets be leaked? Also, if a company I want to transfer my data from one "cloud" to another "cloud", what if I can't transfer it? "
Zhao Gansen said that, just as banks have supervision institutions such as the China Banking Regulatory Commission, cloud computing service providers also need effective supervision.
Liu Yichun said that "cloud" security is the most critical issue in "cloud" services. From a technical perspective, some measures can be taken. For example, encryption between systems can be adopted, data can be stored on different computers for backup, access control mechanisms can be established on the computers, and so on.
"However, this kind of security is relative, not absolute." He said that all technical security measures are temporary. With the development of technology, there will be new security issues, "To ensure cloud security, It also needs to be regulated in terms of laws and regulations. "
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