Due to its nature, intelligent construction mainly provides a safe and accurate working environment for the campus. The entrance and exit personnel of the school are quite complicated, and the criminals just use this environmental factor to wait for an opportunity to commit crimes, which directly affects the safety of the students and school staff. At the same time, the school where the project is located is a high school with a boarding student. Avoiding the phenomenon of students going out at night and returning to the night, the original school had hired a number of security guards, which not only increased the workload of the campus security department, but also felt that the effect was not good. Therefore, the establishment of a scientific and reasonable security system for digital video surveillance systems is an effective means of campus defense.
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Design Principles
Adhering to the advanced design, reliability, safety, scalability, and normative design principles, according to the overall architectural plan of the campus, and taking into account the actual situation on the site, the front-end design uses high-definition color cameras, and the video transmission uses campus network and Anti-interference high-shielded coaxial cable, control signal transmission uses dedicated control cable to ensure accurate transmission of video signals and control signals; control video recording system uses digital hard disk video recording system, which can realize cyclic recording and facilitate retrieval and playback.
Overall design
The closed-circuit monitoring system consists of three parts: front-end image acquisition, image and control signal transmission, and image display control storage.
Front end image acquisition section
The camera section is usually installed at the surveillance site. It generally includes a camera, a lens, a shield, a bracket, and a uniform ball. Its role is to take pictures of the surveillance area and convert it into a video signal. The camera is divided into color and black and white. Generally, the color is turned into a black-and-white camera (turning to black and white at night or when the light source is poor). It is more suitable for the place where the light is insufficient. The installation method of the camera is fixed and the pan/tilt is fixed.
The campus closed-circuit television monitoring system is designed with infrared integrated cameras in important places such as the main entrance, main passage, teaching building, student dormitory, and main perimeter. The infrared dome machine is installed in the canteen. The student playground considers the monitoring scope to be spacious, mainly monitoring the daytime personnel activities. Therefore, the camera without the infrared zoom camera is used. The above design basically guarantees that any disputes and incidents between Japanese and Japanese staff and office personnel in the office can provide effective treatment basis, and can effectively deal with hidden dangers or disputes in time; the monitoring room is set at the gate office. In the region, it can be supervised by itself, which strictly guarantees that the duty personnel can view the important passage site and strictly implement the secrecy system.
There is now a TV surveillance system that packages the pan/tilt, zoom lens and camera together to form an integrated camera. They are equipped with an advanced servo system, which has a high rotational speed and can also be preset for monitoring points and patrol paths. Usually, the automatic patrol is carried out according to the set route. Once an alarm occurs, the alarm point can be quickly aligned, and the fixed point monitoring and video recording can be performed. A camera can function as several cameras.
Image and control signal transmission section
The transmission system includes the transmission of video signals and control signals.
Video signals can be transmitted over coaxial cable, fiber optic or twisted pair. Video conversion adapters are required for transmission over twisted pair.
Control signal transmission methods include:
Direct control: Direct control of the control center, such as the power supply current of the pan/tilt and zoom lens, directly sent to the controlled device. Features are simple, intuitive and easy to implement. Applicable when there are few field devices and the host is manually controlled. However, when the number of controlled pan/tilt and the number of lenses is large, the number of control cables is large and the lines are complicated, so they are not used in large systems.
Indirect control of multi-line coding: The control center encodes the control commands into binary or other parallel codes, which are transmitted to the control device on site by multiple lines, and then converted into control quantities to control the on-site camera equipment. This method uses less lines than the previous method and is often used in close-range control.
Indirect control of communication coding: With the popularity of microprocessors and various integrated circuit chips, most large-scale TV monitoring systems currently use communication coding, and serial coding is commonly used. Its advantage is that a single line can transmit multiple control signals, which greatly saves the line cost. The communication distance can reach more than 1km without adding intermediate processing, and the processing can transmit more than 10Km. This overcomes the shortcomings of the previous two methods. This system uses this control.
In addition to the above methods, there is also a coaxial video transmission method in which a control signal and a video signal are multiplexed with one cable. This method does not require a separate control cable. There are two ways to achieve it: one is frequency division, that is, the control signal is modulated in a different frequency range from the video signal, and then transmitted together with the video signal, and then decomposed after being in the field; another method The control signal (coaxial video control) is transmitted during the blanking period of the video signal field. This method is significantly better than other methods in short-distance transmission, but the price of the equipment is relatively expensive.
In this project, the video signal of CCTV monitoring system adopts shielded video cable. According to the installation position of the camera, SYV-75-3/96 braided coaxial cable is selected to ensure the accurate transmission of monitoring information.
Image control storage section
Display and recording devices are installed in the control room, mainly including monitors, hard disk recorders, and some video processing devices. Image monitors are mainly divided into two categories: black and white and color. The center resolution of a black and white monitor is usually above 800 lines, and the center resolution of a color monitor is generally 400 lines or more. The bandwidth of the image monitor video signal is generally in the range of 7 to 8 MHz.
The monitoring center computer room is located in the doorkeeping room. The monitoring room video system is designed with two 16-channel digital hard disk recorders, and two 7-inch flat-panel displays are equipped for real-time monitoring. The entire hard disk recording system can be designed to continuously store 30 days of video data. The hard disk recording system supports full-duplex work of recording and playback.
System power and control room requirements
In order to ensure the normal and stable operation of the monitoring system, the system is required to use the online UPS for centralized power supply;
The monitoring system and the central control room use separate power supply circuits;
The trunk is powered by AC220V, and is powered by a transformer at the front end of the camera;
The central control room must be equipped with equipment for communication, safety and fire protection;
The central control room must be equipped with an air conditioning unit separately to ensure that the temperature of the control room is between 16 and 28 ° C and the relative humidity is not more than 85%.
The control room has sufficient light and its illumination should be no less than 300Lux;
System functions
· Real-time video surveillance of public gate areas such as the gate environment, channels, and playgrounds;
· Real-time monitoring of the entry and exit of personnel vehicles at the gate, and the video surveillance of the personnel entering and leaving the administrative office building;
· The overall situation of the student dormitory realizes video surveillance management;
· Can adapt to a certain degree of low illumination changes;
· Video recording of each point can be recorded for security check;
· Effectively guarantee the safety activities of students and staff;
·Operating software interface is intuitive and user-friendly;
· Set up cabinet management for the monitoring host, and perform password management on the system operator to perform multi-function settings on the system.
Conclusion
Campus security construction can not be ignored, relying solely on personnel to be on duty and simple management, can no longer support the important responsibility of security. The strict management of security personnel is of course important, but it is also an urgent task to build a campus security system that can be managed by the school and can be remotely supervised by public security organs and education bureaus. It is crucial to consider the security network that can be intervened by other campus multi-functional systems in the whole design concept. If the unilateral implementation of a simple security management system cannot support the rapid development of the safe campus implementation, it is safe throughout the campus. In the system design, we must consider the extension and expansion for the future development of science and technology. This is an advanced concept that professional security companies must have.
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